C fintech glossary terms

C++

High-performance language.

Cache

Temporary storage for fast data access.

Caching

Storing data for faster access.

CAGR

Compound Annual Growth Rate.

Call Option

Right to buy.

Callable Bond

Bond issuer can redeem early.

camt.053

An ISO 20022 account reporting message used for end-of-day statements and account balance information.

camt.054

An ISO 20022 cash management message used for debit and credit notifications on an account.

Candlestick

Chart showing price movement over time period.

CAPEX

Capital Expenditures.

Capital Controls

Limits on flow of foreign money.

Capital Gains

Profit from selling an asset for more than purchase price.

Capital Gains Tax

Tax on profit from asset sale.

Capital Loss

Loss from selling an asset.

CAPM

Capital Asset Pricing Model.

Capture

The step where a previously authorized payment is finalized and submitted for settlement.

Card-not-present (CNP)

A remote card transaction where the physical card is not presented at the point of sale.

Carried Interest

Profit share for fund managers.

Cash Account

Account without leverage.

Cash Cow

Business unit generating steady cash.

Cash Flow

The total amount of money being transferred into and out of a business.

Cash Flow Statement

Report of cash inflows/outflows.

Cashier's Check

Check drawn on bank's funds.

CBDC

Central Bank Digital Currency.

CBPR+

A cross-border payments usage framework that standardizes how ISO 20022 messages are implemented in international payment flows.

CDN

Content Delivery Network for fast content distribution.

CDO

Collateralized Debt Obligation.

CDS

Credit Default Swap; insurance against default.

Central Bank

Institution that manages a state's currency and monetary policy.

Centralization

Concentration of power.

CEX

Centralized Exchange.

Challenge Flow

A 3-D Secure path where the issuer actively challenges the customer to complete additional authentication.

Challenger Bank

New bank challenging big banks.

Chargeback

Reversal of a card payment.

Chatbot

AI software for chat.

Cheque

Paper order to pay money.

Chinese Wall

Barrier to info flow in bank.

CHIPS

Clearing House Interbank Payments System.

CI/CD

Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment.

Circuit Breaker

Halting trade to stop panic.

Circulating Supply

Number of tokens currently available.

Claim

Formal request for payment under insurance policy.

Class

Blueprint for creating objects.

Clawback

Reclaiming money given.

Clearing House

Intermediary settling trades.

Cliff

Period before vesting starts.

Cloud Computing

Delivery of computing services over the internet.

Code Review

Peer review of source code.

Codec

Device/program to encode data.

Cold Wallet

Offline storage for cryptocurrency.

Collateral

Asset pledged to secure a loan.

Collateral Factor

Percentage of collateral value that can be borrowed.

Commodity

Basic good like oil or gold.

Compilation

Translating code to machine language.

Complexity

Efficiency of algorithm.

Compliance

Adherence to laws, regulations, and guidelines.

Compound Interest

Interest on interest.

Computer Vision

Computers understanding images.

Concurrency

Dealing with multiple tasks.

Conditional

If-then logic.

Confirmation

Block added after transaction.

Confirmation of Funds (CoF)

An open banking capability that confirms whether sufficient funds are available in an account for a proposed payment.

Consensus Algorithm

Mechanism to agree on data.

Consensus Mechanism

Method used to achieve agreement on the blockchain.

Contactless

Payment without inserting card.

Contactless Payment

Payment without physical contact using NFC technology.

Container

Package of software with all dependencies.

Containerization

Bundling app with dependencies.

Conversion Rate

Percentage of users taking desired action.

Convertible Bond

Bond converting to stock.

Convexity

Measure of curvature of price-yield relationship.

Cookie

Small data stored on user's computer.

Copy Trading

Auto-executing copied trades.

Corporate Tax

Tax on company profits.

Correction

Temporary price decline.

Correspondent Bank

Bank providing services to another.

Cosmos

Internet of Blockchains.

Coupon

Interest payment on a bond.

Credit

Entry recording a sum received.

Credit Rating

Evaluation of creditworthiness.

Credit Risk

Risk of borrower defaulting on loan obligations.

Credit Score

Measure of an individual's creditworthiness.

Cross-border Payment

Payment sent from one country to another.

Cross-Chain

Interoperability between blockchains.

Crowdfunding

Raising money from many people online.

Crowdsourcing

Obtaining services from crowd.

Crypto Bridge

Protocol connecting two different blockchains.

Cryptocurrency

Digital or virtual currency secured by cryptography.

Cryptojacking

Using others hardware to mine.

Currency Swap

Exchange of principal/interest in currencies.

Current Ratio

Current assets / Current liabilities.

Cybersecurity

Practice of protecting systems from digital attacks.

Cyclical Stock

Stock following economy.